• August 28, 2024 at 3:25 pm by Steven Topazio

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified on February 3, 1870, is one of the Reconstruction Amendments. It was designed to protect the voting rights of African American men following the Civil War. The text of the Fifteenth Amendment reads: Section 1: “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous read More

• August 21, 2024 at 3:31 pm by Steven Topazio

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified on July 9, 1868, is one of the most significant amendments in the Constitution. It addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law and was a key component of the Reconstruction Amendments following the Civil War. The text of the Fourteenth Amendment includes five sections, but its most influential provisions are found in the first section. The amendment reads: Section 1: “All persons born or read More

• August 12, 2024 at 3:36 pm by Steven Topazio

The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified on December 6, 1865, abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for a crime. It was the first of the three Reconstruction Amendments adopted after the Civil War. The text of the Thirteenth Amendment reads: Section 1: “Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any read More

• August 6, 2024 at 3:37 pm by Steven Topazio

The Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified on June 15, 1804, modifies the process for electing the President and Vice President. It was designed to rectify flaws in the original electoral process outlined in Article II, Section 1, Clause 3 of the Constitution. The text of the Twelfth Amendment reads: “The Electors shall meet in their respective states and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not read More

• August 1, 2024 at 4:07 pm by Steven Topazio

The Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified on February 7,1975. It addresses the judicial power of the United States in relation to suits against states. The text of the Eleventh Amendment reads: “The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of read More

• July 24, 2024 at 3:54 pm by Steven Topazio

The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, ratified on December 15, 1791. It emphasizes the principle of federalism and limits the powers of the federal government by reserving certain powers to the states or to the people. The text of the Tenth Amendment reads: “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States read More

• July 17, 2024 at 7:15 pm by Steven Topazio

The Ninth Amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, ratified on December 15, 1791. It addresses the rights of the people that are not specifically enumerated in the Constitution. The text of the Ninth Amendment reads: “The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.” Key points of the Ninth Amendment include: Protection of Unenumerated Rights: It read More

• July 9, 2024 at 3:36 pm by Steven Topazio

The Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, ratified on December 15, 1791. It focuses on protecting individuals from excessive and inhumane punishments. The text of the Eighth Amendment reads: “Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.” – Eighth Amendment Key protections provided by the Eighth Amendment include: Excessive Bail: This clause ensures that bail set by the courts read More

• July 2, 2024 at 4:38 pm by Steven Topazio

The Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights, ratified on December 15, 1791. It deals with the right to a jury trial in certain civil cases and the re-examination of facts tried by a jury. The text of the Seventh Amendment reads: “In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact read More